Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Wargames shopping experience:

1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Wargames offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Wargames at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.

2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about

3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Wargames? Wrong! If the Wargames is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.

4. Questions - Got a question about Wargames then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....

5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Wargames? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Wargames and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.

6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Wargames wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.

7. Feedback - happy with your Wargames then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.

8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Wargames site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site

9. Contact - got a question about Wargames, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.

10. Payment - ready to pay for your Wargames, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.

{{Infobox Film| name = WarGames| image = wargames.jpg| caption = WarGames theatrical poster| director = John Badham
Martin Bresthttp://www.allmovie.com/cg/avg.dll?p=avg&sql=2:82954~T1]| writer = Lawrence Lasker
Walter F. Parkes
[Ally Sheedy
John Wood (English actor)| music = Arthur B. Rubinstein| editing = [Tom Rolf| released = [June 3 1983 (USA)]12,000,000 (estimated)| gross = USD74,000,000 (estimated)| preceded_by =| followed_by =| amg_id = 1:53328| imdb_id = 0086567-->

This article is about the 1983 US movie. For other uses see War Games.

WarGames is a 1983 in film suspense film written by Lawrence Lasker and Walter F. Parkes and directed by John Badham. With Ally Sheedy, Dabney Coleman and Barry Corbin as General Jack Beringer, the film starred Matthew Broderick in his second major film role.

The movie was a hit, costing United States dollar12 million but grossing over $74 million after five months in the United States. With a cost of $1 million, the North American Aerospace Defense Command set was the most expensive single movie set ever built up to that time.

In November 2006, the pre-production of a sequel, titled WarGames 2: The Dead Code, began. It will be directed by Stuart Gillard, and star Matt Lanter as a hacker named Will Farmer facing off with a government supercomputer called Ripley.

Plot The film is set late in the Cold War period, opening on a U.S. Air Force ICBM launch control center where its crew receives orders to launch nuclear missiles at the Soviet Union; when the crew commander (played by John Spencer (actor)) fails to launch their missiles, this is revealed to be part of a larger psychological experiment by the military, testing whether U.S. missile crews would do the same in the event of a real nuclear attack. It is mentioned that twenty-two percent of crews tested failed to launch their missiles, prompting NORAD to install an automated computer system, the "War Operation Plan Response" or WOPR, to oversee launching of ICBM.

The film's protagonist, David Lightman (Matthew Broderick), is introduced as a high school computer hacker, whose gaming addiction leads to low school performance, which he covers up by illicitly accessing the school's computer database and manually adjusting his reported grades. To impress a girl he has a crush on, Jennifer (Ally Sheedy), he changes one of her grades as well, but she has him restore it. While performing an automated telephone search in an attempt to locate and hack into a computer game company, David uncovers a connection to the WOPR, although without a password, he is unable to gain access to anything more than a list of games. He assumes that this is the game company's computer, and starts digging for the password.

After consulting with a friend at a computer shop and being advised of Backdoor (computing) passwords, David researches the system's programmer, Stephen W. Falken, learning that the scientist designed computer systems for the military. After studying the late Falken's biography, David is able to successfully log in to the WOPR system using the name of Falken's son, "Joshua" who died at a young age. David instructs the system to execute a game called "Global Thermonuclear War", chooses to play the side of the Soviet Union, and aims virtual missiles at American cities, unaware that the WOPR's simulations of the attack have prompted a DEFCON 3 alert at NORAD HQ.

{], introduced to John McKittrick (once an assistant to Professor Falken), and questioned, as the military believes he may have been recruited by the Soviet KGB. When David is later discovered using McKittrick's terminal to have a conversation with "Joshua" he is accused of espionage and confined to the base's medical Hospital -- although David is able to concoct a means of escape and blends in with a tourist group leaving the facility. From Joshua, he learned that Professor Falken is alive and living under an assumed name in Goose Island, Oregon.

After putting some distance between himself and Cheyenne Mountain, David phones Jennifer and they rendezvous near Goose Island to locate Falken. Though initially rebuffed, they talk with him about "Joshua". Falken reveals that the WOPR "never learned the most important lesson of all -- futility" (citing the game of Tic-tac-toe as an example), and that a nuclear war between the U.S. and Soviet Union may be inevitable. The cynical professor eventually decides to help stop the "game", and travels back to NORAD HQ with David and Jennifer even as United States Air Force personnel, reacting to the supposed Soviet activity, are locking down the base in preparation for World War III. Falken tries to convince General Beringer (never a big supporter of the WOPR) that the Soviet "activity," including nuclear missile launches, is only a computer simulation. Deciding against an immediate counterstrike, the general brings online three northern Air Force bases that are first in line for destruction.

As the countdown reaches zero, the display board shows detonations in Alaska, Maine and North Dakota. NORAD asks, "Are you still on?" and an uncomfortable silence follows, while more impacts are registered. For the first time, the thought occurs that maybe it was a real attack. The question is asked again, and replies come back. There's been no nuclear strike, and the order is given to stand down the missiles and recall the bombers, which had been readied to attack the Soviet Union.

They quickly discover, however, that the WOPR has locked them out of the missile control systems and, assuming their failure to launch their missiles as a Soviet undermining of command authority, is executing a brute-force attack on the missile launch code to perform a nuclear counterstrike itself. NORAD staff calculate that it would take longer to disconnect the U.S. missiles than it would for the WOPR to determine the missiles' launch code, and that attempting to shut off the WOPR directly would cause the now-computer-controlled U.S. missile silos to assume a destruction of NORAD HQ and launch automatically. Falken and David discover that they are unable to log back in to the system (the 'backdoor' password was removed), but they are able to play a game of tic-tac-toe against the machine, and then instruct the WOPR to play tic-tac-toe against itself. The WOPR enters a loop even as it finishes deciphering the missile launch codes, as each game of tic-tac-toe ends in a tie, "Winner: None".

With the missile launch codes discovered, WOPR displays a U.S. first strike of missiles, but one that is so quick that it's clearly a simulation. As losses are computed for both U.S. and Soviet sides, the computer reaches the same conclusion it did for the tic-tac-toe games, "Winner: None". It then calculates alternate scenarios leading to nuclear missile strikes, entering another loop as each scenario plays out the same -- all ending in nuclear strikes, mutual assured destruction, and no 'winner'. After calculating hundreds of scenarios at an increasingly rapid pace, the WOPR ceases simulations, displaying a message on screen as it labels the simulations as "a strange game" where "the only winning move ... is not to play". The base crew rejoices as the WOPR suggests "a nice game of chess" to play instead. At movie's end, General Berringer gives the order, "Take us to DefCon 5."

Cultural background WarGames was a "What if?" story that wove together at least four different ideas drawn from contemporary events in the early 1980s, although some events may have been more coincidental than inspirational. In 1980, there had been two incidents where a computer at NORAD had triggered false alarms of a missile attack. The early 1980s were the height of the so-called Golden age of arcade games. By 1983, teenage hackers, such as the 414s in Milwaukee, were using modems to break into computer systems across America, and were attracting the interest of mainstream media. Finally, fears of nuclear war and an exchange of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) with the Soviet Union were especially high (The Day After was broadcast later in the year).

WarGames was released on the American scene during the time of the personal computer explosion. Early personal computers were being used by young programmers and gamers across the country. The movie proved popular because many kids saw themselves in the character of David Lightman (or his would-be girlfriend). The film showed the possibilities of computers as home entertainment. The movie motivated some young programmers to write simulations in BASIC that simulated the WarGames movie. "Greetings Professor Falken," spoken in the vocoder "voice" of Joshua/WOPR was a catch-phrase for fans of the film.

The movie has some parallels with Dr._Strangelove_or:_How_I_Learned_to_Stop_Worrying_and_Love_the_Bomb and Colossus: The Forbin Project (1970). In all three movies, we see the dangers of seemingly "foolproof" plans to handle the important command and control of nuclear weapons.

Cast

Awards {|style="border:1px solid black; background-color:#e6e9ff; margin-left:.5em" align=right|||}WarGames was nominated for three Academy Awards:

References See also

External links

{{Infobox Film| name = WarGames| image = wargames.jpg| caption = WarGames theatrical poster| director = John Badham
Martin Bresthttp://www.allmovie.com/cg/avg.dll?p=avg&sql=2:82954~T1]| writer = Lawrence Lasker
Walter F. Parkes
[Ally Sheedy
John Wood (English actor)| music = Arthur B. Rubinstein| editing = [Tom Rolf| released = [June 3 1983 (USA)]12,000,000 (estimated)| gross = USD74,000,000 (estimated)| preceded_by =| followed_by =| amg_id = 1:53328| imdb_id = 0086567-->

This article is about the 1983 US movie. For other uses see War Games.

WarGames is a 1983 in film suspense film written by Lawrence Lasker and Walter F. Parkes and directed by John Badham. With Ally Sheedy, Dabney Coleman and Barry Corbin as General Jack Beringer, the film starred Matthew Broderick in his second major film role.

The movie was a hit, costing United States dollar12 million but grossing over $74 million after five months in the United States. With a cost of $1 million, the North American Aerospace Defense Command set was the most expensive single movie set ever built up to that time.

In November 2006, the pre-production of a sequel, titled WarGames 2: The Dead Code, began. It will be directed by Stuart Gillard, and star Matt Lanter as a hacker named Will Farmer facing off with a government supercomputer called Ripley.

Plot The film is set late in the Cold War period, opening on a U.S. Air Force ICBM launch control center where its crew receives orders to launch nuclear missiles at the Soviet Union; when the crew commander (played by John Spencer (actor)) fails to launch their missiles, this is revealed to be part of a larger psychological experiment by the military, testing whether U.S. missile crews would do the same in the event of a real nuclear attack. It is mentioned that twenty-two percent of crews tested failed to launch their missiles, prompting NORAD to install an automated computer system, the "War Operation Plan Response" or WOPR, to oversee launching of ICBM.

The film's protagonist, David Lightman (Matthew Broderick), is introduced as a high school computer hacker, whose gaming addiction leads to low school performance, which he covers up by illicitly accessing the school's computer database and manually adjusting his reported grades. To impress a girl he has a crush on, Jennifer (Ally Sheedy), he changes one of her grades as well, but she has him restore it. While performing an automated telephone search in an attempt to locate and hack into a computer game company, David uncovers a connection to the WOPR, although without a password, he is unable to gain access to anything more than a list of games. He assumes that this is the game company's computer, and starts digging for the password.

After consulting with a friend at a computer shop and being advised of Backdoor (computing) passwords, David researches the system's programmer, Stephen W. Falken, learning that the scientist designed computer systems for the military. After studying the late Falken's biography, David is able to successfully log in to the WOPR system using the name of Falken's son, "Joshua" who died at a young age. David instructs the system to execute a game called "Global Thermonuclear War", chooses to play the side of the Soviet Union, and aims virtual missiles at American cities, unaware that the WOPR's simulations of the attack have prompted a DEFCON 3 alert at NORAD HQ.

{], introduced to John McKittrick (once an assistant to Professor Falken), and questioned, as the military believes he may have been recruited by the Soviet KGB. When David is later discovered using McKittrick's terminal to have a conversation with "Joshua" he is accused of espionage and confined to the base's medical Hospital -- although David is able to concoct a means of escape and blends in with a tourist group leaving the facility. From Joshua, he learned that Professor Falken is alive and living under an assumed name in Goose Island, Oregon.

After putting some distance between himself and Cheyenne Mountain, David phones Jennifer and they rendezvous near Goose Island to locate Falken. Though initially rebuffed, they talk with him about "Joshua". Falken reveals that the WOPR "never learned the most important lesson of all -- futility" (citing the game of Tic-tac-toe as an example), and that a nuclear war between the U.S. and Soviet Union may be inevitable. The cynical professor eventually decides to help stop the "game", and travels back to NORAD HQ with David and Jennifer even as United States Air Force personnel, reacting to the supposed Soviet activity, are locking down the base in preparation for World War III. Falken tries to convince General Beringer (never a big supporter of the WOPR) that the Soviet "activity," including nuclear missile launches, is only a computer simulation. Deciding against an immediate counterstrike, the general brings online three northern Air Force bases that are first in line for destruction.

As the countdown reaches zero, the display board shows detonations in Alaska, Maine and North Dakota. NORAD asks, "Are you still on?" and an uncomfortable silence follows, while more impacts are registered. For the first time, the thought occurs that maybe it was a real attack. The question is asked again, and replies come back. There's been no nuclear strike, and the order is given to stand down the missiles and recall the bombers, which had been readied to attack the Soviet Union.

They quickly discover, however, that the WOPR has locked them out of the missile control systems and, assuming their failure to launch their missiles as a Soviet undermining of command authority, is executing a brute-force attack on the missile launch code to perform a nuclear counterstrike itself. NORAD staff calculate that it would take longer to disconnect the U.S. missiles than it would for the WOPR to determine the missiles' launch code, and that attempting to shut off the WOPR directly would cause the now-computer-controlled U.S. missile silos to assume a destruction of NORAD HQ and launch automatically. Falken and David discover that they are unable to log back in to the system (the 'backdoor' password was removed), but they are able to play a game of tic-tac-toe against the machine, and then instruct the WOPR to play tic-tac-toe against itself. The WOPR enters a loop even as it finishes deciphering the missile launch codes, as each game of tic-tac-toe ends in a tie, "Winner: None".

With the missile launch codes discovered, WOPR displays a U.S. first strike of missiles, but one that is so quick that it's clearly a simulation. As losses are computed for both U.S. and Soviet sides, the computer reaches the same conclusion it did for the tic-tac-toe games, "Winner: None". It then calculates alternate scenarios leading to nuclear missile strikes, entering another loop as each scenario plays out the same -- all ending in nuclear strikes, mutual assured destruction, and no 'winner'. After calculating hundreds of scenarios at an increasingly rapid pace, the WOPR ceases simulations, displaying a message on screen as it labels the simulations as "a strange game" where "the only winning move ... is not to play". The base crew rejoices as the WOPR suggests "a nice game of chess" to play instead. At movie's end, General Berringer gives the order, "Take us to DefCon 5."

Cultural background WarGames was a "What if?" story that wove together at least four different ideas drawn from contemporary events in the early 1980s, although some events may have been more coincidental than inspirational. In 1980, there had been two incidents where a computer at NORAD had triggered false alarms of a missile attack. The early 1980s were the height of the so-called Golden age of arcade games. By 1983, teenage hackers, such as the 414s in Milwaukee, were using modems to break into computer systems across America, and were attracting the interest of mainstream media. Finally, fears of nuclear war and an exchange of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) with the Soviet Union were especially high (The Day After was broadcast later in the year).

WarGames was released on the American scene during the time of the personal computer explosion. Early personal computers were being used by young programmers and gamers across the country. The movie proved popular because many kids saw themselves in the character of David Lightman (or his would-be girlfriend). The film showed the possibilities of computers as home entertainment. The movie motivated some young programmers to write simulations in BASIC that simulated the WarGames movie. "Greetings Professor Falken," spoken in the vocoder "voice" of Joshua/WOPR was a catch-phrase for fans of the film.

The movie has some parallels with Dr._Strangelove_or:_How_I_Learned_to_Stop_Worrying_and_Love_the_Bomb and Colossus: The Forbin Project (1970). In all three movies, we see the dangers of seemingly "foolproof" plans to handle the important command and control of nuclear weapons.

Cast

Awards {|style="border:1px solid black; background-color:#e6e9ff; margin-left:.5em" align=right|||}WarGames was nominated for three Academy Awards:

References See also

External links



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